Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has called for Moscow not to be excluded from any initiative seeking to revive a deal allowing the safe export of Ukrainian grain via the Black Sea.

"No process that marginalizes Russia on the Black Sea grain initiative will be viable," Erdogan told reporters after the close of the G20 summit in New Delhi.

Erdogan announced a forthcoming meeting on the issue between Russia, Ukraine and the United Nations, without specifying a precise date or location, saying prospects of reviving the deal were not "hopeless."

Russia withdrew from the deal, which was brokered by Turkey and the UN, in July, a year after it went into force, saying its own grain and fertilizer exports were still negatively impacted by Western sanctions in other sectors.

Since then, there has been a series of drone and missile attacks on Ukraine's port infrastructure, with Kyiv decrying them as cynical attempts to damage its exports and undermine global food security.