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日本

日本国土由6852个岛屿组成,面积约37.8万平方公里,人口1.26亿,其中3500万生活于东京都市圈内。

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©Kyodo/MAXPPP - 24/01/2012 ; TOKYO, Japan - The opening ceremony of a 150-day regular Diet session is held in the presence of Emperor Akihito (center, back) at the main hall of the House of Councillors in Tokyo on Jan. 24, 2012. (Kyodo)
epa03354341 (FILE) A January 2009 file photo, taken from a South Korean Navy ship, shows South Korea's easternmost islets of Dokdo, called Takeshima in Japanese, the rocky outcroppings lying in the East Sea around halfway between the Korean Peninsula and Japan. South Korean president Lee Myung-bak is expected to visit Dokdo on 10 August 2012, an unprecedented landmark trip that if realized, would strongly assert Seoul's sovereignty over the territory and could send diplomatic tensions with Tokyo soaring, as Japan also claimes the islets. EPA/YONHAP SOUTH KOREA OUT +++(c) dpa - Bildfunk+++
REFILE - CLARIFYING CAPTION A protester, holding an umbrella painted with a parody of the Tokyo Electric Power Co logo, takes part in an anti-nuclear demonstration to demand a stop to the resumption of nuclear power operations in Tokyo July 1, 2012. Japan has approved the restart of the two reactors at the Kansai Electric Power Ohi nuclear plant, northwest of Tokyo on Sunday despite mass public opposition. Kansai Electric Power Co plans to restart the 1,180-megawatt No.3 unit at its Ohi plant, Japan's first nuclear reactor to come back online since the Fukushima crisis. REUTERS/Yuriko Nakao (JAPAN - Tags: POLITICS CIVIL UNREST)
Doves fly over the cenotaph dedicated to the victims of the atomic bombing at the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park during the ceremony of the 67th anniversary of the bombing, in Hiroshima, western Japan, Monday, Aug. 6, 2012.(Foto:Itsuo Inouye/AP/dapd). //eingestellt von haz
In this photo taken and released on Aug. 27, 2010 by Japan's Justice Ministry, the trapdoor where a condemned criminal is to stand is marked with a red double square on the floor in an execution room at Tokyo Detention Center when the local media are allowed a rare tour of Tokyo's main gallows in a bid to create more public awareness about capital punishment. Three death row inmates in Japan were executed by hanging on Thursday, March 29, 2012, the country's first executions in more than a year and a half. Japan, along with the United States, is one of the few industrialized countries that still has capital punishment. The room behind the glass window is for witnesses to stand and observe the execution. (Foto:Justice Ministry/AP/dapd) EDITORIAL USE ONLY, NO CROPPING ALLOWED
A radiation monitor indicates 102.00 microsieverts per hour at Tokyo Electric Power Co. (TEPCO)'s tsunami-crippled Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant in Fukushima prefecture, February 20, 2012. Members of the media were allowed into the plant on Monday ahead of the 1-year anniversary of the March 11, 2011 tsunami and earthquake for the second time since the disaster, which triggered the world's worst nuclear crisis since Chernobyl. REUTERS/Issei Kato (JAPAN - Tags: ANNIVERSARY DISASTER BUSINESS ENERGY ENVIRONMENT)
FILE - In this Nov. 23, 2009 file photo, a Japan Airlines plane approaching to Tokyo's Haneda Airport is seen above factory chimneys in Kawasaki, west of Tokyo, Japan. The problems that confront Toyota, Sony and JAL differ, but experts say their struggles have some common themes: the perils of global expansion, a tendency to embrace the status quo, and smugness bred from success or a too-big-to-fail mentality. (ddp images/AP Photo/Koji Sasahara, File)
Protesters march during an anti-nuclear demonstration demanding a stop to the operation of nuclear power operations in Tokyo July 16, 2012. According to local media, tens of thousands of demonstrators took part in the rally on Monday. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon (JAPAN - Tags: CIVIL UNREST ENERGY)
Japan's Ground Self-Defense Force personnel on rubber boat search for missing people in Aso, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan, Saturday, July 14, 2012. Heavy rain triggered flash floods and mudslides in southern Japan on Thursday, killing nearly two dozens of people. (Foto:Kyodo News/AP/dapd) JAPAN OUT, MANDATORY CREDIT, NO LICENSING IN JAPAN, CHINA, HONG KONG, SOUTH KOREA AND FRANCE
Japanese protesters spreading a banner with a message reading, "We Don't Forgive China's Invasion of Senkaku Islands," shout slogans before setting out on a march down the streets in central Tokyo as an estimated 2,500 protesters take to the streets during a protest against China on Saturday Oct. 16, 2010. (AP Photo/Koji Ueda)
Kyodo/MAXPPP - 16/07/2011 ; NAGOYA, Japan - Photo taken from a Kyodo News helicopter on July 16, 2011, shows the Oi nuclear power plant in the town of Oi, Fukui Prefecture, operated by Kansai Electric Power Co. The plant's No. 1 reactor was halted the same day due to a problem with its cooling system. (Kyodo)
Japanese Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda listens to a reporter's question during a news conference at the Prime Minister's official residence in Tokyo Friday, June 8, 2012. Noda said in the news conference broadcast live to the nation Japan must restart two nuclear reactors to protect the economy and people's livelihoods in a news conference. (Foto:Itsuo Inouye/AP/dapd)
FILE - In this Thursday, Oct. 13, 2011 file photo, Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force's P-3C Orion surveillance plane flies over the disputed islands in the East China Sea, called the Senkaku in Japan and Diaoyu in China. Tokyo's outspoken governor says the city has decided to buy a group of disputed islands to bolster Japanese claims to the territory, a move that could elevate tensions with China. (Foto:Kyodo News, File/AP/dapd) JAPAN OUT, MANDATORY CREDIT, NO LICENSING IN JAPAN, CHINA, HONG KONG, SOUTH KOREA AND FRANCE
Blick auf die Ortschaft Krabosawodskje auf der Kurilen-Insel Shikotan in der russischen Provinz Sachalin. (Aufnahme vom Februar 1999). Die Kurileninseln zwischen der Halbinsel Kamtschatka und der japanischen Insel Hokkaido gehören zu Rußland. Sie wurden 1634 entdeckt und gehörten ab 1875 zu Japan. Im Frühjahr 1945 wurden sie von den Allierten in der Jalta-Konferenz der UdSSR zugesprochen und im August von den Sowjets besetzt. Im amerikanisch-japanischen Friedensvertrag von 1951 gab Japan alle Ansprüche auf die Inseln auf. Später forderten die Japaner allerdings die vier südlichen Inseln Habomai, Shikotan, Kunashiri und Etorofu zurück, da sie nicht zur Kurilenkette gehören würden, sonden Japans "nördliche Territorien" seien. Das umstrittene Gebiet wird von lediglich rund 17000 Menschen bewohnt. Auf den Inseln und im umliegenden Meeresboden werden Vorräte an wertvollen Mineralien und Metallen vermutet.
©Kyodo/MAXPPP - 24/01/2012 ; TOKYO, Japan - The opening ceremony of a 150-day regular Diet session is held in the presence of Emperor Akihito (center, back) at the main hall of the House of Councillors in Tokyo on Jan. 24, 2012. (Kyodo)
Chinese paramilitary officers at the China Korea Friendship Bridge waits for vehicles transporting goods to pass by in Dandong, northeastern China, Monday, Oct. 16, 2006. Officials in China, North Korea's main trading partner, were inspecting cargo trucks bound for the North more closely on Monday after the U.N. Security Council approved sanctions on the North for its claimed nuclear test.(AP Photo/Ng Han Guan)
In this aerial photo taken April 22, 2012, three reactors, from left, No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3, are seen at the Tomari Nuclear Power Plant, operated by Hokkaido Electric Power Co., in Tomari in Japan's northernmost main island of Hokkaido. Japan will be free of atomic power for the first time since 1966 on Saturday, May 5, when the Tomari No. 3 reactor, the last of its 50 usable reactors, is switched off for regular inspections. The central government would like to restart them at some point, but it's running into strong opposition from local citizens and governments.(AP Photo/Kyodo News) JAPAN OUT, MANDATORY CREDIT, NO LICENSING IN CHINA, HONG KONG, JAPAN, SOUTH KOREA AND FRANCE
The South Korean navy's 14,000 ton-class large-deck landing ship Dokdo sails through the Yellow Sea of South Korea during military drills, Thursday, Aug. 5, 2010. South Korean troops fired artillery and dropped sonar buoys into the Yellow Sea as naval drills kicked off Thursday near the spot where a warship sank four months ago. (AP Photo/ Lee Jin-man, Pool)
ARCHIV - Das Atomkraftwerk Angra mit den Blöcken Angra I und Angra II, aufgenommen am 25 November 2007 in Angra dos Reis, Brasilien. Eigentlich war die Atomkraft in Lateinamerika nach langen Jahren der Stagnation gerade wieder «in Mode» gekommen. Vor allem der aufstrebende Wirtschaftsriese Brasilien will verstärkt auf Atomstrom setzen, sogar das Erdbebenland Chile trägt sich mit Plänen für ein erstes Atomkraftwerk. Diese hochfliegenden Pläne könnten durch die japanische Atomkatastrophe ins Trudeln geraten. EPA/MARCELO SAYAO (Zu dpa-Korr "Japan-Katastrophe heizt Atomdebatte in Lateinamerika an")
Japan's Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda gestures in front of a Japanese national flag as he speaks at a joint news conference of the fifth trilateral summit among China, South Korea and Japan at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on Sunday, May 13, 2012. (AP Photo/Petar Kujundzic, Pool)
Caryatids in Erechtheum, Acropolis,Athens,Greece © anastasios71 #36235068
Japanese Foreign Minister Koichiro Gemba speaks during a meeting with Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton, not shown, at the State Department in Washington, Monday, Dec. 19, 2011. (AP Photo/Luis M. Alvarez).
ARCHIV - Zwei Menschen stehen am 13.10.2011 neben ihrem Zelt in einem Basislager für einen Aufstieg auf den Mount Everest (Hintergrund). Ein 61-jähriger deutscher Arzt ist beim Abstieg vom Mount Everest ums Leben gekommen. Vier weitere Kletterer würden auf dem welthöchsten Berg vermisst, teilte ein Sprecher der Tourismusbehörde am Montag (21.05.2012) mit. Der Deutsche habe den Gipfel des Everest in 8850 Metern Höhe erklommen und sei am Samstag (19.05.2012) beim Abstieg vermutlich an Höhenkrankheit gestorben, sagte ein Vertreter des Reiseveranstalters. Foto: Barbara Walton/epa/dpa +++(c) dpa - Bildfunk+++ pixel
A Chinese flag is hoisted in front of the eggs- and paint- stained Japanese consulate with broken windows, one day after about 20,000 protesters, some shouting "Kill the Japanese!", rampaging through town Sunday April 17, 2005 in Shanghai, China. Japan's foreign minister flew to Beijing carrying a protest against violent anti-Japanese rallies, as Chinese police allowed more demonstrations Sunday over Tokyo's wartime history and its bid for a permanent U.N. Security Council seat. Japan filed a formal protest, complaining that Chinese authorities failed to stop anti-Japanese violence for the third straight weekend. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko)
A Japanese flag flutters atop the Bank of Japan headquarters building in Tokyo in this October 26, 2011 file photograph. The Bank of Japan, facing mounting government pressure, eased monetary policy further on April 27, 2012, by boosting asset purchases by 10 trillion yen ($124 billion), more than markets had expected, and pledging to buy longer-term government bonds in a show of resolve to pull the economy out of deflation. REUTERS/Yuriko Nakao (JAPAN - Tags: BUSINESS)
Yukiko Anzai, whose farm is close to the Tomari reactor in Japan, holds a button in that says in Japanese, "Nuclear Power? Goodbye," Tuesday, Sept. 20, 2011, during a news conference about the Fukushima nuclear accident, at the National Press Club in Washington. (AP Photo/Jacquelyn Martin)
Archaeological site Bagan, Burma / Archaeologische Ausgrabungsstaette Bagan, Birma / Myanmar