Bundeswehr: Shekaru 70 na ba da kariya

A 1954 babu tunanin cewa Jamus za ta sake kafa rundunar soja, bayan shekaru 10. Bayan kawo karshen azabar yakin duniya da gwamnatin Jamus ta 'yan Nazi a wancan lokaci ta haifar, sojojin taron dangi sun mamaye kasar sannan aka warzaga rundunar ta Nazi. Sojojin kawancen kasashen da suka yi nasara wadanda suka hada da na Tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet da Amurka da Birtaniya da kuma Faransa, sun dauki tsattsauran mataki wajen kakkabe sojojin Nazi tare da fatan ba za a sake fuskantar yaki a Jamus ba.

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To amma jim kadan bayan kawo karshen yakin, sai aka samu rashin jituwa a tsakanin manyan kasashen. A sakamakon haka, Jamus ta dare gida biyu. Bayan barkewar yakin Koriya a 1950, kawancen Kasashen Yamma, ya yi shiri sosai cewa Tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet na iya kai hari cikin nahiyar Turai. Sun yi fargabar cewa iyakar da ke tsakanin Jamus ta Gabas da Jamus ta Yamma, na iya zama wurin da za a kai wannan hari.

Sojojin Jamus garkuwa ga Tarayyar Turai

Wannan fargaba ta kawo hari daga Tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet, ta sanya shugaban gwamnatin Jamus na farko Konrad Adenauer, ya gargadi 'yan jami'yyarsa ta Christian Democrats a 19950 cewa: "Idan barazanar Rasha ta ci gaba, mu zamu kasance na farko da lamarin zai shafa. Za a dirar mana da yakin cacar baka, duk karfinmu."

Karin Bayani: Tababa game da zaman sojojin Jamus a Sahel

A dangane da wannan barazana, Adenauer ya kira kawancen Kasashen Yamma da su karfafi sojojin mamaya. Domin rama wa kura aniyarta, sun bukaci ita ma gwamnatin tarayya ta bayar da tata gudunmawar ga tsaro. Wannan ya haifar da muhawara a game da sake tara makamai wanda shugaban gwamnatin ya gabatar da karfin zuciya. A ra'ayinsa, karo-karon sojoji wata dabara ce ta sake dawo da tasirin gwamnatin tarayya a tsakanin Kasashen Yamma. Abin da Adenauer ke bukata shi ne, 'yancin zartarwa a manufofin harkokin waje.

Zanga zangar adawa da sake tara makamai

'Yan shekaru kalilan bayan kawo karshen mulkin mallakar 'yan Nazi, shirin sake tara makamai ya harzuka Jamusawa da dama. Jam'iyyar Social Democrats da ke adawa a wancan lokaci, sun rika suka da caccakar manufar. Sun yi fatali da shawarar sake ganin sojojin Jamus suna maci, suka zargi Adenauer da fakewa da tsoron da al'umma a gabashi a kokarin cimma wata bukata.

Akwai kuma turjiya da al'umma suka nuna wadda suka yi wa lakabi da: "Ba da ni ba." 'Yan kasa da suka fusata sun yi ta zanga-zangar adawa da sake tara makamai, ciki kuwa har da tsoffin sojojida 'yan mazan jiya da suka samu raunuka wadanda su ma suka bi sahun zangar-zangar da sandar guragu. A karshe dai shugaban gwamnatin, ya yi nasara.

Karin Bayani: Kara karfi ga rundunar sojojin Jamus

Da yarjejeniyoyi da aka kulla a Paris da kuma shigar Jamus cikin kungiyar Kawancen Tsaro ta NATO a ranar shida ga watan Mayun 1955, ya bude kofar kafa rundunar sojin Jamus ta Bundeswehr. A ranar 12 ga watan Nuwamba na 1955, ministan tsaro na farko dan siyasa na jam'iyyar CDU Theodor Blank ya danka wa mutane 101 'yan sa kai yawancinsu fararen hula takardar daukarsu aiki a barikin Ermekeil da ke Bonn.

Yakin cacar baka da sojoji 500,000

A lokacin yakin cacar baka sojojin Jamus suna da alaka ta kurkusa da rundunar NATO,  aikinsu musamman tsaron kasa ne ko da za a kawo hari. A tsakiyar shekarun 1980 yawan sojojin rundunar Bundeswehr ya kai 495,000. Bayan hadewar Jamus ta Gabas da ta Yamma, rundunar Bundeswehr ta samu kanta cikin wani sabon yanayi.

An rusa rundunar tsaron al'umma ta GDR, kuma sojojinta 90,000 an sanya su karkashin kulawar rundunar sojojin Jamus Bundeswehr. 'Yan kalilan ne, aka karbe su a cikin rundunar ta Bundeswehr. A yanzu da Jamus ke kewaye da kasashe da suke aminci, an rage tasirin sojojin Jamus da na kawancen tsaro. Sannu a hankali aka rika rage yawan sojojin, har sai da suka dawo kasa da  200,000.

Sojojin Jamus a matsayin masu shiga tsakani a ketare

A yanzu sojojin Jamus suna bayar da gudunmawa a waje, abin da kotun tsarin mulki ta kasa ta amince da shi a 1994. Sojojin Jamus, sun taka rawa wajen aikin kiyaye zaman lafiya a nahiyoyi da dama. Mafi tsada da kuma hasarar rayuka shi ne aikin da suka yi a Afghanistan a tsakanin shekarun 2001 zuwa 2021, inda sojojin Jamus 59 suka rasa rayukansu.

Kimar sojojin Jamus a idanun al'umma

An sami sauyi tun bayan da Rasha ta mamaye Ukraine a shekarar 2022, tun daga wannan lokaci 'yan siyasa sun zuba makudan kudi wajen samar da makamai na zamani ga sojojin. A cewar shugaban gwamnati Friedrich Merz na jam'iyyar CDU, rundunar sojojin Jamus ta Bundeswehr za ta zama runduna mafi karfi a nahiyar Turai.

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Sai dai duk da kalubalen da take fama da shi, Bundeswehr tana samun goyon baya sosai daga al'umma. Shekaru 70 bayan kafuwarta, fiye da kashi 80 cikin 100 na Jamusawa sun nuna gamsuwa da rundunar kamar yadda wani binciken jin ra'ayin jama'a da Cibiyar Nazari kan Sojoji da Al'umma a Jamus ya nunar.